View source for Installing Debian 5.0 (Lenny) on a ThinkPad X32

== Introduction notes ==

This wiki has tons of useful tips regarding this laptop, so this document only gathers information that is either specific to {{Debian}} Lenny or hard to find on the web. Linking to other pages on this wiki has generally been prefered to duplicating information.

The page dedicated to the {{X32}} is another good starting point to fine-tune your GNU/Linux installation on this notebook.

=== To do ===

* Document Linux boot options

== Upgrade the BIOS ==

In case your X32 came with Windows installed, enjoy a [[BIOS Upgrade]] before installing GNU/Linux.

== Prepare the installation media ==

Running the installation from a USB stick was the chosen method.

* Get the <code>boot.img.gz</code> from the [http://http.us.debian.org/debian/dists/lenny/main/installer-i386/current/images/hd-media/ Debian installer website]
* Prepare a bootable USB stick, following the [http://debian.org/releases/lenny/i386/ch04s03.html#usb-copy-flexible Debian installation guide], as the "easy way" did not work for us.
* In case you need to install using a wireless network, you are quite lucky, as Lenny's installer now supports loading firmwares during the install process; to make use of this feature, follow the [http://debian.org/releases/lenny/i386/ch06s04.html Loading Missing Firmware] section of the installation guide.

== Integrated wireless ==

According to {{X32}}, various mini-PCI wifi cards may be installed in this notebook. Ours came with the [[Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG Mini-PCI Adapter]], which identifies itself as:

{{cmduser|lspci}}<br />
{{cmdresult|02:02.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 2200BG [Calexico2] Network Connection (rev 05)}}

{{cmduser|lspci -n}}<br />
{{cmdresult|02:02.0 0280: 8086:4220 (rev 05)}}

To get it working, one must install the firmware (unless it was
loaded during the installation process): {{cmdroot|aptitude install firmware-ipw2x00}}.

For this to work, you may need to include the non-free section from Debian's repositories in {{path|/etc/apt/sources.list}}, in case it is not enabled yet.

To enable the nice wireless led, enable the <code>led</code> option for the <code>ipw2200</code> module by adding the following line to {{path|/etc/modprobe.d/local}}, creating this file if needed:
<pre>options ipw2200 led=1</pre>.

== X.Org ==

First, make sure you're using the radeon driver, that supports best the integrated [[ATI Mobility Radeon 7000]] graphics card.

=== Direct rendering ===

Out of two slightly different Lenny installations, one had DRI working out of the box, while the other required applying the following instructions; so you first want to check wether direct rendering is already enabled, by installing the <code>mesa-utils</code>, and run: {{cmduser|glxinfo | grep -i direct}}.

If this command outputs {{cmdresult|direct rendering: Yes}}, DRI is already working. Else, read on.

The following instructions probably do far more than enabling DRI, but this combination of random factors does work for me, and I did not bother finding out which ones were really necessary.

Add the following lines to {{path|/etc/modules}} and {{path|/etc/initramfs-tools/modules}}; the goal is to ensure these kernel modules are loaded in good order, before X is started:

<pre>
intel_agp
agpgart
drm
radeon
</pre>

Then add these options to the Device section in {{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}:

<pre>
Option		"DRI" "true"
Option		"AccelMethod" "EXA"
Option		"AGPMode" "4"
Option		"AGPFastWrite" "on"
Option		"ColorTiling" "on"
Option		"EnablePageFlip" "on"
Option		"AGPSize" "32"
Option		"GARTSize" "32"
Option		"XAANoOffscreenPixmaps" "true"
Option		"EnableDepthMoves" "true"
</pre>

=== TrackPoint ===

The [[TrackPoint]] page is a good starting point to fine-tune this input device according to your needs and preferences, e.g. scrolling using the middle-mouse-button and the TrackPoint.

=== Power saving ===

To enable dynamic adjusting of the Radeon card frequency rates, add
this option to the Device section in {{path|/etc/X11/xorg.conf}}:

<pre>
Option		"DynamicClocks" "on"
</pre>

The rovclock package allows to get/set these frequencies manually (untested), see [[Rovclock]] for more information.

== Special keys ==

Once the acpi-support package is installed, almost all special {{key|Fn}} keys work as expected, at least on a Gnome desktop.

=== Video switch key ===

The video switch key {{key|Fn}}{{key|F7}} is not bound to any action by default.
To have it run a nice RandR user interface, see
[[Sample_Fn-F7_script#Having_Fn-F7_run_a_RandR_GUI]]. Additional information about multiple displays can be found on [[Xorg RandR 1.2]].

== Bluetooth and IrDA ==

Unless you use them, you can fully disable Bluetooth and [[IrDA]] by adding the following lines to
{{path|/etc/modprobe.d/local}}:

<pre>
# irda-related modules
blacklist irda
blacklist irtty_sir
blacklist nsc_ircc
blacklist sir_dev
# bluetooth
blacklist hci_usb
</pre>

== Power saving ==

=== SpeedStep ===

Install the <code>cpufrequtils</code> Debian package.

{{path|/etc/default/cpufrequtils}} must contain:

<pre>
ENABLE="true"                
GOVERNOR="ondemand"
</pre>

{{path|/etc/default/loadcpufreq}} must contain:

<pre>
ENABLE=true
FREQDRIVER=acpi-cpufreq
</pre>

Then run:

{{cmdroot|/etc/init.d/loadcpufreq restart}}<br />
{{cmdroot|/etc/init.d/cpufrequtils restart}}

=== laptop-mode ===

Just install the <code>laptop-mode-tools</code> package.

=== Miscellaneous ===

Adding the following lines to {{path|/etc/modprobe.d/local}} enables
automatic power saving for the sound card and the USB ports, and
prevents the wireless card from monitoring the whole universe unless
told:

<pre>
options snd-ac97-codec power_save=1
options usbcore autosuspend=1
options ipw2200 associate=0
</pre>

== SMAPI support ==

To get various model-specific features, such as advanced battery monitoring, the tp_smapi kernel module must be loaded. ThinkWiki has a nice [[Tp_smapi|dedicated page]] explaining how to do so. Make sure you add a line containing <code>tp_smapi</code> to {{path|/etc/modules}}, so that the module is loaded at boot time.

== Suspend-to-disk (hibernation) ==

First, install the needed packages: {{cmdroot|aptitude install acpi-support uswsusp hibernate}}.

It works OK with all methods: {{key|Fn}}{{key|F12}}, Gnome battery icon (that uses <code>pm-suspend</code>, hibernate command. The default backend is [[Swsusp]].

Modifying {{path|/etc/hibernate/common.conf}} may be needed to achieve this:

* uncomment <code>UseDummyXServer yes</code> to prevent DRI from being disabled on resume
* if using Gnome, uncomment <code>LockGnomeScreenSaver yes</code>

== Suspend-to-RAM ==

First, install the needed packages: {{cmdroot|aptitude install acpi-support uswsusp hibernate radeontool vbetool}}.

=== Various methods of suspending ===

==== s2ram ====

Works out of the box.

==== hibernate-ram ====

In {{path|/etc/hibernate/ram.conf}}, uncomment <code>RadeonTool yes</code> and comment <code>TryMethod sysfs-ram.conf</code>. Then the {{cmdroot|hibernate-ram}} command should do the Right Thing.

One can optionnally enable suspend-to-both by uncommenting <code>TryMethod ususpend-both.conf</code> in the same file.

==== pm-suspend ====

Works ok with:
{{cmdroot|pm-suspend --quirk-s3-bios --quirk-s3-mode --quirk-radeon-off}}

'''FIXME''': are the arguments really needed, or are they guessed by the program?

==== Gnome ====

The Gnome Power Manager suspend button does the Right Thing, using <code>pm-suspend</code>.
 
==== Sleep key (Fn-F4) ====

Works ok in Gnome.

=== High power drain while sleeping ===

A mean instantaneous power consumption equal to 811mW was measured while sleeping for 10.5h, which is a bit too high (custom Linux kernel 2.6.28, without [[Radeonfb|radeonfb]]).

Not tried the various workarounds described on [[Problem with high power drain in ACPI sleep]] yet.

== UltraBase X3 ==

[[UltraBase_X3]] has useful information on this. In short, using the stock Debian kernel, hotswapping the UltraBase is not possible, but it is perfectly recognized if the computer is booted docked.

== Modem ==

Install the needed packages: {{cmdroot|aptitude install sl-modem-source sl-modem-daemon module-assistant}}

Then run:
{{cmduser|m-a a-i sl-modem}} that will build and install the necessary (non-free) kernel module.

'''FIXME''': actually test the resulting packages.

== System information ==

=== lspci ===

<pre>
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82855PM Processor to I/O Controller (rev 03)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82855PM Processor to AGP Controller (rev 03)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev 81)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801DBM (ICH4-M) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801DBM (ICH4-M) IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.5 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.6 Modem: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Modem Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Radeon Mobility M6 LY
02:00.0 CardBus bridge: Ricoh Co Ltd RL5c476 II (rev aa)
02:00.1 CardBus bridge: Ricoh Co Ltd RL5c476 II (rev aa)
02:00.2 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Ricoh Co Ltd R5C552 IEEE 1394 Controller (rev 02)
02:01.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82540EP Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Mobile) (rev 03)
02:02.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 2200BG [Calexico2] Network Connection (rev 05)
</pre>

=== lspci -n ===

<pre>
00:00.0 0600: 8086:3340 (rev 03)
00:01.0 0604: 8086:3341 (rev 03)
00:1d.0 0c03: 8086:24c2 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 0c03: 8086:24c4 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 0c03: 8086:24c7 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 0c03: 8086:24cd (rev 01)
00:1e.0 0604: 8086:2448 (rev 81)
00:1f.0 0601: 8086:24cc (rev 01)
00:1f.1 0101: 8086:24ca (rev 01)
00:1f.3 0c05: 8086:24c3 (rev 01)
00:1f.5 0401: 8086:24c5 (rev 01)
00:1f.6 0703: 8086:24c6 (rev 01)
01:00.0 0300: 1002:4c59
02:00.0 0607: 1180:0476 (rev aa)
02:00.1 0607: 1180:0476 (rev aa)
02:00.2 0c00: 1180:0552 (rev 02)
02:01.0 0200: 8086:101e (rev 03)
02:02.0 0280: 8086:4220 (rev 05)
</pre>

=== /proc/cpuinfo ===

<pre>
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 13
model name      : Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.70GHz
stepping        : 6
cpu MHz         : 600.000
cache size      : 2048 KB
fdiv_bug        : no
hlt_bug         : no
f00f_bug        : no
coma_bug        : no
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 2
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe bts est tm2
bogomips        : 1198.97
clflush size    : 64
power management:
</pre>